土壤与地下水修复碳排放核算标准建立与研究

摘要：

【目的】建立一套系统化、可量化的碳排放核算标准框架，以解决修复工程碳排放无法科学评估的难题，推动修复行业绿色发展。【方法】基于“识别—量化—核算—验证”的标准化闭环流程，参考国内外标准规范，以排放因子法为核心，覆盖直接、间接能源排放核算范围，通过明确源项、边界及数据质量控制，实现全生命周期碳足迹的科学量化与管理。【结果】为系统核算修复活动的碳排放，构建了完整的碳排放核算公式体系。针对不同修复技术明确了其具体的核算方法，同时，为保障核算可行性，研究设定了清晰的数据获取优先级。【结论】该标准框架实现了对修复活动全生命周期碳排放的覆盖，具有可靠的实用价值，为土壤修复行业的绿色转型提供关键支撑，为实现“净土”与“降碳”的双赢目标奠定技术基础。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study develops a systematic and quantifiable standards framework for carbon emission accounting in remediation projects to address the current inability to assess emissions scientifically and to support the industry’s green development. [Methods] Following a standardized “identify–quantify–account–verify” workflow, the framework employs the emission factor method as its core, drawing on international and domestic standards and specifications. It accounts for direct and indirect energy-related emissions across defined system boundaries, supported by clear source identification and data quality control to enable lifecycle carbon footprint management. [Results] A comprehensive set of carbon accounting formulas is established. The framework specifies emission calculation methods for different remediation technologies and defines data acquisition priorities to ensure practical applicability. [Conclusion] The proposed standards framework provides the full coverage of carbon emissions over the remediation lifecycle and offers reliable practical utility. It supplies essential technical support for greening the remediation industry and lays the groundwork for achieving both “clean land” and “carbon reduction” objectives.

引用格式：谭树波，余锦涛，张长波. 土壤与地下水修复碳排放核算标准建立与研究[J]. 标准化学报，2026(11): 113-121.

基金项目：本文受国家自然科学基金项目“锰氧化真菌修复底泥高环PAHs的生物与非生物协同代谢与调控研究”（项目编号：52500230）资助。

作者简介：谭树波，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为土壤/地下水修复工程与应用。张长波，通信作者，博士，正高级工程师，研究方向为土壤/地下水修复工程与应用。