技术标准外文版：翻译的原则、问题与质量评估指标体系构建

摘要：

【目的】基于标准文体的严谨性、客观性、功能性及语境特征，提出“忠实准确”“规范专业”“通顺流畅”的技术标准外文版的翻译原则，以确保标准外文版的使用者得到等值、等量的技术信息。【方法】通过分析当前技术标准外文版存在的核心问题，包括翻译单位资质不明确、跨学科专家审查机制不完善、全流程质量评估体系尚未建立等，提出建立明确的翻译质量评估流程，包括评估指标、评估方法、评分标准等。【结果】根据技术标准外文版的翻译原则，整合多维质量指标框架（MQM框架）、ISO 5060：2024等国际主流翻译质量评估框架，构建翻译质量评估指标体系。【结论】翻译质量评估指标体系不仅为技术标准翻译实践提供了指导，也为完善标准外文版的审查机制、提高翻译质量提供了参考。

Abstract:

[Objective] Based on the rigorousness, objectivity, functionality, and contextual characteristics of standard texts, this study proposes three principles for translating technical standards —“faithful and accurate”, “standardized and professional” and “coherent and fluent”, aiming to ensure that users of the foreign language version of standard acquire the same and equivalent technical information. [Methods] By analyzing core problems in current translation, including unclear qualifications of translation organizations, inadequate interdisciplinary expert review mechanisms, and the absence of a full-process quality evaluation system, this study advocates establishing a well-defined translation quality evaluation process encompassing evaluation indicators, assessment methods, and scoring criteria. [Results] Building upon the proposed translation principles, this study integrates internationally recognized translation quality evaluation frameworks such as the Multidimensional Quality Metrics (MQM) and ISO 5060:2024 to construct a comprehensive translation quality evaluation indicators system. [Conclusion] Translation quality indicators system not only provides guidance for the translation practice of technical standards, but also gives reference for improving reviewing mechanism for translated technical standards, and enhance the translation quality. 

引用格式：鲁振，李祥波，刘振宇.技术标准外文版：翻译的原则、问题与质量评估指标体系构建[J].标准科学，2025(6)：14-20.

基金项目：本文受国家市场监督管理总局国际标准化活动专项年度工作经费项目“标准创新管理专项”（项目编号：〔2025（BC07）34号〕）资助。 

作者简介：鲁振，硕士，二级翻译，研究方向为食品标准化。 刘振宇，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为食品标准化。 李祥波，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为食品标准化。