我国焊接领域标准体系现状及优化建议

摘要：

【目的】焊接标准体系的完善对提升行业技术水平和产品质量具有重要意义。【方法】通过文献分析、对比研究、 统计分析和案例研究等方法，系统梳理了国内外焊接标准体系的现状，并从标准更新、实用性提升、缺失标准补充及监督机 制等方面探讨了标准化需求。【结果】研究发现，国内焊接标准存在内容滞后、与行业适配性不足等问题，而国外标准在更 新频率和国际化方面具有优势。通过统计分析国家标准，发现现有标准在要素分布、工艺覆盖和制造环节衔接上存在不均 衡现象。针对这些问题，提出建立层次化的标准结构模型，并搭建包含基础通用、材料、工艺、设备、管理及跨领域融合的 体系框架。同时，建议通过加强宣传培训、建立动态监督机制和定期评估反馈，推动新版标准的高效实施。【结论】该研究 为优化我国焊接标准体系提供了理论依据和实践路径。

Abstract:

[Objective] A well-structured welding standards system is essential for enhancing technical capabilities and ensuring product quality across the industry. This study aims to evaluate the current status of China’s welding standards and propose optimization strategies.[Methods] Using literature review, comparative analysis, statistical evaluation, and case studies, this research systematically examines both domestic and international welding standards systems. It explores key standardization needs, including timely updates, improved applicability, supplementation of missing standards, and the establishment of effective supervision mechanisms. [Results] The study identifi es several shortcomings in China’s welding standards, such as outdated content and poor alignment with industrial applications, whereas international standards show advantages in terms of update frequency and global applicability. Statistical analysis of national standards reveals imbalances in factor distribution, process coverage, and integration across manufacturing stages. In response, the study proposes a hierarchical model for standard structuring and suggests a comprehensive framework encompassing general fundamentals, materials, processes, equipment, management, and interdisciplinary integration. To support the effective implementation of updated standards, the study recommends enhanced training and outreach, a dynamic supervision mechanism, and regular performance evaluation. [Conclusion] These measures provide both theoretical guidance and practical pathways for advancing the welding standards system in China. 

引用格式：曹宇堃，吕晓春.我国焊接领域标准体系现状及优化建议[J].标准科学，2025(8):143-149.

基金项目：本文受中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目“面向新型工业化的我国焊接制造发展研究”（项目编号：2024-XZ-01） 资助。 

作者简介：曹宇堃，硕士，工程师，研究方向为焊接领域的工程管理和相关标准化。 吕晓春，通信作者，博士，研究员，研究方向为新型钎焊材料开发和相关标准化。