地方标准公平竞争审查的制度逻辑与优化路径

摘要：

【目的】在全国统一大市场建设背景下，地方标准异化为隐性技术壁垒的风险日益凸显，亟待厘清地方标准公平竞争审查的关键要点。【方法】通过目的解释方法，结合规范分析，论证强制性地方标准的合法性边界，探讨推荐性标准经由政策援引、专利技术嵌入等路径产生竞争风险的机理。【结果】强制性地方标准的合法授权应源于其他法律的特别授权；推荐性标准可经由政策援引、专利技术嵌入，形成排除、限制竞争风险的传导链条。【结论】公平竞争审查制度对地方标准的适用需从“形式合规”转向4要点框架，包括权限审查，效力分层，竞争评估与联动防控。

Abstract:

[Objective] In the context of building a unified national market, the risk of local standards acting as implicit technical barriers has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the key points for the fair competition review of local standards. [Methods] By adopting teleological interpretation coupled with normative analysis, the study can clarify the legal boundaries of mandatory local standards and explore the mechanisms through which recommended standards generate competitive risks via policy citations and the incorporation of standardessential patents (SEPs). [Results] The legal authorization for mandatory local standards should stem from special statutory authorization; recommended standards can form a transmission chain that excludes and restricts competition through policy citations and SEP embeddings. [Conclusion] The application of the fair competition review system to local standards needs to shift from “formal compliance” to a four-point framework: authority review, effectiveness stratification, competition assessment, and coordinated risk prevention.

引用格式：张辛鑫，冀瑜，王雪峰，等. 地方标准公平竞争审查的制度逻辑与优化路径[J]. 标准化学报，2026(10)：53-61.

基金项目：本文受2026年度浙江省知识产权软科学研究项目“开源许可证专利授权条款的法律风险与制度因应研究——以开源人工智能模型为视角”（项目编号：ZI202617）；浙江省市场监督管理局软科学项目“系统思维下市场监管角色定位研究”（项目编号：RK2026012）资助。

作者简介：张辛鑫，硕士，知识产权师，研究方向为标准化法、知识产权法。冀瑜，博士，教授，研究方向为知识产权法、标准化、数字法治。王雪峰，硕士，研究方向为竞争政策、反垄断法。吴振宇，通信作者，博士，经济师，研究方向为产业经济与科技创新。闫韬，硕士，研究方向为行政法。