团体标准化活动中申诉制度的国际经验借鉴及对我国启示

摘要：

【目的】充分研究分析国外团体标准化活动中申诉制度的建设经验，为我国团体标准组织建立申诉机制提供借鉴和参考。【方法】系统研究了国际标准组织（ISO/IEC）、区域标准组织（CEN/CENELEC）、国家标准化机构（ANSI）及国际性专业标准组织（IEEE）4类典型代表性标准化组织的申诉制度。【结果】提炼其共性特征，将申诉制度定位聚焦程序正义，严格排除技术争议；申诉路径层级分明，确保终局权威；程序设计贯彻“谁主张谁举证”与“申诉不停工”原则，兼顾公平与效率。同时，我国团体标准组织申诉机制建设滞后，存在制度缺位、程序粗疏、救济乏力等问题。【结论】研究认为，我国应充分借鉴国际成熟经验，尽快制定出台指导申诉制度建设的基础性国家标准，为我国团体标准组织建立定位清晰、层级合理、程序规范、执行有力的申诉制度提供指引，以保障团体标准化活动的程序正义，提升标准公信力与市场接受度，推动我国团体标准高质量发展。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to fully examine and analyze the development experience of appeal systems in international association standardization activities, thereby providing reference and insights for the establishment of appeal mechanisms in China’s association standards organizations. [Methods] This paper conducts a systematic study on the appeal systems of four types of typical and representative standardization organizations, including international standards organizations (ISO/IEC), regional standards organizations (CEN/CENELEC), national standards bodies (ANSI), and professional standards organizations (IEEE). [Results] It summarizes their common characteristics: the positioning of appeals focuses on procedural justice and strictly excludes technical disputes; the appeal channels have a clear hierarchy to ensure final authority; the procedural design implements the principles of “who claims, who proves” and “no work stoppage duringappeals”, balancing fairness and efficiency. Meanwhile, the development of appeal mechanisms by China’s association standards organizations lags behind, with problems such as institutional gaps, rudimentary procedures, and inadequate remedies. [Conclusion] The study suggests that China should fully draw on mature international experience, develop and issue fundamental national standards guiding the construction of appeal systems as soon as possible. These standards will provide guidance for China’s association standards organizations to establish appeal systems with clear positioning, reasonable hierarchy, standardized procedures, and effective implementation. This is intended to ensure procedural justice in association standardization activities, enhance the credibility and market acceptance of standards, and promote the high-quality development of China’s association standards. 

引用格式：许青,史博丽.团体标准化活动中申诉制度的国际经验借鉴及对我国启示[J].标准科学,2025(11):143-149.

基金项目：本文受市场监管总局2025年政策研究课题计划总局层面重点课题“深化国家标准化战略的实施路径与改革举措研究”（项目编号：572025C-12731）；中国标准化研究院中央基本科研业务费项目“团体标准规范优质发展的治理路径与策略研究”（项目编号：572025Y-12475）资助。 

作者简介：许青，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为标准化战略政策、国际标准化、团体标准化。史博丽，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为标准化战略、团体标准化。