基于工序性能指数的连续批外购件计量抽样检验方案研究

摘要：

【目的】针对外购件质量难以把控、抽样成本高等问题，本文以GB/T 6378为基准，提出了一种基于工序性能指数的连续批计量抽样检验方案，为企业降低采购风险、实施标准化抽样检验提供理论支撑。【方法】在无法实时对供应商生产状况进行监控的条件下，充分利用历史信息进行正态性检验，并以工序性能指数代替过程能力指数，提出一套抽样检验流程，对供应商生产现状进行判断，以确保外购件质量。【结果】该抽样方案有效解决了难以对供应商生产过程稳定性进行判断的问题，经对比验证确实降低了使用方风险。【结论】新抽样方案较GB/T 6378检验方案更为严格，能够帮助企业较好地实现对外购件的质量把控，为企业确保外购件质量、降低检验成本提供了指导依据。

Abstract:

[Objective] In response to the challenges of difficult-to-control quality of purchased parts and high sampling costs, based on the national standard GB/T 6378, a continuous batch metrological sampling inspection scheme based on process performance index is proposed, providing theoretical support for enterprises to reduce procurement risks and implement standardized sampling inspection. [Methods] In conditions where real-time monitoring of supplier production status is not feasible, historical information is fully utilized for normality testing, and the process performance index is used instead of the process capability index to propose a sampling inspection process for assessing the current production status of suppliersto ensure the quality of purchased parts. [Results] This sampling scheme effectively addresses the difficulty in assessing the stability of the supplier’s production process, and has been verified through comparison to reduce the risk for the user. [Conclusion] The new sampling scheme is more stringent than the inspection scheme of GB/T 6378, helping enterprises better control the quality of purchased parts and providing guidance for ensuring the quality of purchased parts and reducing inspection costs.

引用格式：曹阳华,刘永龄,苏宝华,等.基于工序性能指数的连续批外购件计量抽样检验方案研究[J].标准科学,2025(11):135-142.

基金项目：本文受航空基金项目“考虑复杂海洋环境的主承力结构使用寿命精准化评估方法研究”（项目编号：20230009054001）；中国航发黎明科研课题（项目编号：KT22G044-YIY）；沈阳航空航天大学横向课题“替代检验技术研究”（项目编号：横20240204）资助。

作者简介：曹阳华，博士，硕士研究生导师，研究方向为质量控制与可靠性。刘永龄，硕士研究生，研究方向为质量管理苏宝华，高级工程师，研究方向为检验检测技术。李晓彤，硕士研究生，研究方向为精益物流。冯天毅，硕士研究生，研究方向为精益物流。