消费品标识数字化管理框架研究

摘要：

【目的】系统梳理国内外基于物联网的消费品信息标识实施机制和应用情况，促进消费品标识数字化发展。【方法】基于2015—2024年中国知网（CNKI）数据库中检索到的消费品标识及数字化发展相关文献，运用CiteSpace知识图谱工具对国内信息标识研究文献进行计量分析。【结果】随着科技的进步和信息化程度的不断提高，消费品制造行业对产品的数据管理和信息追踪的需求也日益增强。标识赋码技术是一种基于编码技术、信息化管理理念的系统化解决方案，包括条形码、二维码、RFID标签等形式。消费品标识码可通过扫描枪、传感器、移动终端等信息化设备读取，高效实现消费品数据的快速录入、存储、查询和追溯。【结论】通过欧盟数字产品护照等国内外消费品标识数字化实践经验，基于物联网的消费品信息标识的核心要求是应通过数据载体将其连接到唯一的产品标识符。而以此为基础建立的消费品信息标识，将适用于各行业供应链管理中产品生命周期质量业务数据的建模、表达、存储与数据交换、互操作服务。

Abstract:

[Objective] The study systematically analyzes the implementation mechanisms and application status of consumer product information identification based on the Internet of Things (IoT) at home and abroad, so as to promote the digital development of consumer product identification. [Methods] Based on the literature related to consumer product identification and digital development in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database from 2015 to 2024, this study conducts a quantitative analysis of domestic research literature on information identification using the CiteSpace knowledge graph tool. [Results] With the advancement of science and technology and the continuous improvement of informatization, the consumer goods manufacturing industry has an increasingly strong demand for product data management and information tracking. Identification and coding technology is a systematic solution based on coding technology and informatization management concepts. It includes forms such as barcodes, QR codes, and RFID tags, enabling consumer product identification codes to be read by information devices such as scanners, sensors, and mobile terminals, thereby efficiently realizing the rapid entry, storage, query, and traceability of consumer product data. [Conclusion] From the practical experience of digital identification of consumer products at home and abroad, such as the EU’s Digital Product Passport, the core requirement for IoT-based information identification of consumer products is that a unique product identifier should be linked through a data carrier. The information identification of consumer products established on this basis will be applicable to the modeling, expression, storage, data exchange, and interoperability services of quality business data throughout the product lifecycle in supply chain management across various industries.

引用格式：彭妍妍,夏玉娟,许应成,等.消费品标识数字化管理框架研究[J].标准科学,2025(12):117-122.

基金项目：本文受国家重点研发计划课题“典型智能产品可靠性分析评价技术研究与应用”（课题编号：2022YFF0607104）资助。

作者简介：彭妍妍，硕士，副研究员，研究方向为节能标准化、节能检测等。夏玉娟，博士，副研究员，研究方向为资源与环境标准化等。许应成，博士，研究员，研究方向为产品质量安全、企业标准化等。宁秀丽，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为风险管理、质量管理等。