标准编制中的“引用”问题分析

摘要：

国际通行规则中标准自身具有版权并受到法律保护。在标准起草过程中，对引用其他组织文件的规则界定模糊，容易无意识侵犯知识产权。本文对比分析了GB/T 1.1修订后对规范性引用和资料性引用的最新要求，以及ISO导则中的规定。以美国ANSI和典型标准化组织为例，介绍了引用其标准内容的方式和要求，对相应的政策进行了阐述。在国家和行业标准全文公开，以及中美技术领域竞争加剧的背景之下，对在标准编制的过程中引用国外标准条款的问题，给出了建议。

Abstract:

According to international practice, standards have copyright and are protected by law. In the process of drafting standards, the rules on the reference of other organizations are vaguely defined, which is prone to unconscious infringement of intellectual property rights. The latest requirements for normative reference and informative reference in the revised GB/T 1.1 as well as the provisions in ISO Directives are compared and analyzed. Taking ANSI and typical standards developing organizations (SDOs) as examples, the modes and requirements of referencing their document contents are introduced, and the corresponding policies are explicated. In the context of the full text disclosure of national and sector standards and intensified Sino-US technological competition, some suggestions on the problem of referencing foreign standard clauses in the process of standard drafting are proposed.

基金项目：本文受中海油集团有限公司标准化研究项目“国外先进标准对策研究”（课题编号：2021-BZ-039）及国家科技部NQI项目“船舶与海上作业装备关键国际标准研究”（课题编号：2021YFF0601701）资助。

作者简介：谭越，博士，高级工程师，主要从事标准化研究、海工结构设计和研发工作。