缺陷召回制度研究 ——以龙门起重机为例

摘要：

【目的】针对我国特种设备安全管理体系召回中的关键环节，以龙门起重机为研究对象，系统探讨了缺陷产品召回制度的构建与实施机制，以期为完善我国特种设备安全监管体系提供理论支撑与实践参考。【方法】通过分析国内外特种设备召回制度的现状，结合龙门起重机特有的结构特征与风险要素，基于区块链和人工智能方法，提出建立分级召回机制、完善技术评估体系、强化多方协同治理等改进策略。【结果】该策略不仅可以实现特种设备全生命周期数据的安全整合与存储，而且借助人工智能技术还可实现缺陷的自动化、实时化检测，达到提高信息透明度、提升检测效率与准确性的目的。【结论】这些策略为完善我国特种设备安全监管体系提供了理论支撑与实践参考，有助于提升特种设备的安全管理水平。

Abstract:

[Objective] To provide theoretical support and practical reference for improving China’s special equipment safety supervision system, this study takes gantry cranes as the research object to systematically explore the construction and implementation mechanism of the defective product recall system, by focusing on the key links in the recall of China’s special equipment safety management system. [Methods] By analyzing the current status of special equipment recall systems both domestically and internationally, and combining the unique structural characteristics and risk factors of gantry cranes, this study proposes improvement strategies based on blockchain and artificial intelligence methods, which include establishing a hierarchical recall mechanism, enhancing the technical evaluation system, and strengthening multi-party collaborative governance. [Results] The strategy not only enables secure integration and storage of data throughout the entire lifecycle of special equipment, but also achieves automated and real-time defect detection by utilizing artificial intelligence technology. It is meaningful for achieving the goal of improving information transparency, enhancing detection efficiency and accuracy.[Conclusion] This paper provides theoretical support and practical reference for improving the safety supervision system of special equipment in China, and help to enhance the safety management level of special equipment. 

引用格式：夏绪伟.缺陷召回制度研究—— 以龙门起重机为例[J].标准科学，2025(6)：109-115.

基金项目：本文受中国特检协会政策与法律工作委员会项目“特种设备缺陷产品召回制度的研究”（项目编号：CASEI-RKT2024-31）资助。 

作者简介：夏绪伟，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为特种设备检验及型式试验。