法律法规与标准的关系及引用模式研究

摘要：

全球范围内，标准作为支撑法律法规实施的重要技术手段已成为普遍现象。本文详细阐述法律法规和标准的内涵、区别和联系，系统梳理分析美国、英国、日本、俄罗斯等发达国家技术法规和标准的相互关系、引用标准的方法，以及我国法律、行政法规、部门规章引用标准的现状和问题。基于我国法律法规和标准的制定目的和规定内容，研究提出不同层级法律法规和政策文件引用标准的模式建议，即法律、行政法规引用标准时采用“普遍性引用+标准清单”的模式，部门规章引用标准时视情况采用“普遍性引用+标准清单”“直接引用”的模式，政策文件引用标准时采用“直接引用”的模式。

Abstract:

Standards have become an important means to support the effective implementation of laws and regulations all over the world. This paper details the connotation, difference and connection of laws and regulations and standards, systematically analyzes the relationship between technical regulations and standards, the method of referencing standards in developed countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Russia, as well as the current situation and problems of referencing standards in laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules in China. Based on the purpose and content of laws and regulations and standards in China, this paper puts forward suggestions on the mode of referencing standards in laws and regulations and policy documents at different levels, that is, the model of “universal reference + standard list” should be adopted for referencing standards in laws and administrative regulations. According to the specific situation, the model of “universal reference + standard list” and “direct reference” should be adopted for referencing standards in departmental rules, and the model of “direct reference” should be adopted for referencing standards in policy documents.

基金项目：本文受中央基本科研业务费项目“我国法规引用标准的模式与配套机制研究”（项目编号：572020Y-7472）和“基于适用性的国际标准转化评价方法及应用研究”（项目编号：572023Y-10377）资助。

作者简介：李佳，副研究员，主要研究方向为标准化政策与标准化法、标准化原理与方法等。车迪，助理研究员，主要研究方向为标准化原理与方法等。陈俊华，法学博士、助理研究员，主要研究方向为标准化法与知识产权法等。