标准化助力自然资源节约集约利用

摘要：

标准在推动资源节约集约利用中发挥着重要的作用。本文梳理了我国已制定的自然资源节约集约利用相关标准，认为这些标准在提高资源使用效率，缓解资源短缺矛盾，保护和改善环境等方面发挥了巨大作用。但仍存在标准覆盖领域不够全面，相关标准在资源节约集约利用评价工作中重事后约束、轻前期控制，尚未形成面向全流程全周期资源节约集约利用的标准体系等问题，不能满足实现高质量发展的需求。为此，本文提出：（1）继续完善国土空间规划、国土空间生态修复等领域已有的自然资源节约集约利用标准体系。（2）面向绿色低碳发展、支撑高品质生活等新需求，构建和完善适应新阶段任务需要的技术标准。（3）树立系统观念，依据自然资源综合体的内在联系和功能要求，形成面向全过程全周期精细化治理、相关指标协调优化、相互配合的自然资源节约集约利用标准综合体。

Abstract:

Standards play an important role in promoting the economical and intensive use of resources. This paper reviews the relevant standards for the economical and intensive use of natural resources that have been formulated in China. It is believed that these standards have played a great role in improving the efficiency of resource use, alleviating the contradiction of resource shortage, and protecting and improving the environment. However, there are still some problems, such as the standard coverage is not comprehensive enough, the relevant standards attach importance to post-constraints and neglect pre-control in the evaluation of economical and intensive resource use, and the standards system for economical and intensive resource use in the whole process and the whole cycle has not yet been formed, which cannot meet the needs of high-quality development. Therefore, this paper proposes: (1) Continuing to improve the existing standards system of economical and intensive use of natural resources in the fields of spatial planning and spatial ecological restoration. (2) For the new needs of low-carbon and green development and supporting high-quality life, constructing and improving the technical standards that meet the needs of the new stage. (3) Establishing a system concept, according to the internal relations and functional requirements of the natural resource complex, and forming a standard complex for the whole process of the whole cycle of refined governance, coordinated optimization of relevant indicators, and mutual cooperation in the economical and intensive use of natural resources.

基金项目：本文受自然资源部部门预算项目“自然资源标准化工作业务支撑”（项目编号：121102000000190027）资助。

作者简介：邓玲，副研究员，主要从事自然资源标准化、自然资源经济研究。赵国君，副研究员，主要从事自然资源标准化、矿产普查与勘探研究。郑祎凡，通信作者，助理研究员，主要从事自然资源标准化研究。