基于多领域对标的中国天然气管道标准成体系海外转化策略研究

摘要：

【目的】系统研究中国技术标准在海外项目中的应用与转化机制，为中国标准特别是天然气管道标准的系统化输出提供理论依据与实践路径。【方法】创新性地采用多案例对标方法，系统对比铁路、电力、绿色建筑三大领域的15个典型海外项目，聚焦标准体系差异、转化应用模式与关键影响因素3个维度，揭示共性规律。在此基础上，结合天然气管道工程特性，提出针对性的转化成熟度指标体系及实施路径。【结果】目标国国情、既有标准体系、技术性贸易壁垒及企业能力构成四大共性影响因素；标准海外转化呈现“直接采用→混合应用→补充融入”三阶段演进模式；成功转化需同步满足兼容性、法规协调性、经济可行性、适应灵活性、可持续影响、社会接受度及国际互认机制“七位一体”系统性要求。基于此，构建了针对天然气管道工程的“四位一体”转化成熟度指标体系及“四步法”实施路径。【结论】为中国技术标准，特别是天然气管道标准的海外系统化输出提供了兼具理论价值与实践指导意义的方法论与操作框架，对推动中国标准在“一带一路”共建国家成体系转化具有重要参考价值。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to systematically investigate the application and transformation mechanisms of Chinese technical standards in overseas projects, providing a theoretical basis and practical pathways for the systematic international dissemination of Chinese standards, particularly those for natural gas pipelines. [Methods] An innovative multi-case benchmarking approach is adopted, systematically comparing 15 typical overseas projects across three major sectors: railway, power, and green building. The analysis focuses on three dimensions: differences in standards systems, models of application and transformation, and key influencing factors, to identify common patterns. Based on the findings and considering the specific characteristics of natural gas pipeline engineering, a targeted maturity assessment index system and implementation pathway are proposed. [Results] The study identifies four common influencing factors: the national conditions of the target country, existing standards systems, technical trade barriers, and corporate capabilities.The overseas transformation of standards follows a three-stage evolutionary model: “direct adoption → hybrid application → supplementary integration”. Successful transformation requires simultaneously meeting seven systemic requirements: compatibility, regulatory coordination, economic feasibility, adaptive flexibility, sustainable impact, social acceptance, and international mutual recognition mechanisms. Accordingly, a “four-in-one” maturity index system and a four-step implementation pathway are developed specifically for natural gas pipeline projects. [Conclusion] This research provides a methodology and operational framework with both theoretical value and practical significance for the systematic overseas dissemination of Chinese technical standards, particularly natural gas pipeline standards. The findings offer important insights for promoting the systematic transformation of Chinese standards in countries along the Belt and Road Initiative.

引用格式：代玉杰，夏刚，许道振，等.基于多领域对标的中国天然气管道标准成体系海外转化策略研究 [J]. 标准科学，2026（3）：90-96.

基金项目：本文受国家重点研发计划课题“重大海外工程标准国际化应用研究”（课题编号：2022YFF 0609603）资助。

作者简介：代玉杰，本科，高级工程师，主要研究方向为油气储运工程及标准转化。