消费品锐利边缘测试方法探究

摘要：

【目的】系统比较国内外消费品锐利边缘（以下简称锐边）的各种测试方法，分析不同方法的适用性和优缺点，为消费品生产企业及检测机构提供了锐边测试方法的选择依据，并对测试设备进行改进，以提升测试的有效性。【方法】采用文献调研与试验分析相结合的方式，详细对比不同锐边测试方法的原理、适用范围及优缺点，并对锐边测试的影响因素进行了分析。【结果】视检法、香烟法、丝袜法有一定的局限性，测试便利但主观性强，结果易受人为因素影响；使用锐边测试仪提高了锐边测试的有效性和一致性，但需要对测试的力和速度进行有效控制，GB/T 45495—2025标准对锐边测试仪进行了改进并引入更客观的评价指标，进一步提升锐边测试的有效性；锐边测试正朝着标准化、智能化方向发展，以减少人为误差。【结论】每种测试方法都有其独特的优势和局限性，企业在选择测试方法时，应根据测试目的、产品类型、测试精度要求等因素综合考虑，在条件允许情况下，优先选择GB/T 45495—2025的测试设备和方法。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to systematically compare various testing methods for sharp edges (hereinafter referred to as sharp edge) of consumer products –both domestic and international, analyze their applicability, advantages and disadvantages of different methods, provide a basis for consumer product manufacturers and testing institutions to select appropriate sharp edge testing methods. Furthermore, improvements to testing equipment are proposed to enhance the effectiveness of sharp edge detection. [Methods] By combining literature review and experimental analysis, this study provides a detailed comparison of the principles, scope of application, advantages and disadvantages of different sharp edge testing methods, and analyzes the influencing factors of sharp edge testing. [Results] The visual inspection method,cigarette method, and stockings method have certain limitations. Although convenient to perform, these methods are highly subjective, and results are easily influenced by human factors. The use of a sharp edge testing instruments improves both the effectiveness and consistency of sharp edge detection. However, effective control of the force and speed of the test is required. The GB/T 45495-2025 national standard introduces improvements to sharp edge testing instruments and incorporates more objective evaluation criteria, thereby further enhancing the effectiveness of sharp edge testing. Sharp edge testing is developing towards standardization and intelligence to reduce human error. [Conclusion] Each testing method has its unique advantages and limitations. When choosing a testing method, enterprises should comprehensively consider factors such as testing purpose, product category, and testing accuracy requirements. If conditions permit, priority should be given to the testing equipment and methodology specified in GB/T 45495-2025.

引用格式：杨玉斋，李 艳，刘迎春，等. 消费品锐利边缘测试方法探究 [J]. 标准科学，2026（3）：62-68.

基金项目：本文受国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目“标准化对我国经济增长作用机制研究”（项目编号：2024MK191）资助。

作者简介：杨玉斋，本科，高级工程师，研究方向为产品安全与召回。李艳，通信作者，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为产品安全与召回。