非公路用旅游观光车辆路侧护栏标准：现状、研制路径及挑战

摘要：

【目的】针对非公路用旅游观光车辆路侧护栏专项设计标准缺失、现行公路标准不匹配的核心问题，构建一套专用的标准体系研制路径。【方法】采用数据驱动的分析框架，系统采集车辆与环境参数，建立基于P90整备质量、150%最大运行速度及20°碰撞角的碰撞工况能量计算模型，并据此划分防护等级与制定应用规则。【结果】提出一条涵盖“数据采集、模型建立、等级划分、规则制定”4阶段的完整研制路径，构建与公路标准衔接的T系列防护等级体系。【结论】本研究为建立专用护栏标准提供了系统的理论框架与方法论，其实施面临技术、成本与管理协调等多重挑战，需通过协同创新推动标准落地，以提升安全水平。

Abstract:

[Objective] Addressing the critical issues of the absence of specialized design standards for roadside barriers tailored to off-highway tourist sightseeing vehicles and the incompatibility of existing highway standards, this study aims to systematically develop a dedicated standards framework. [Methods] A data-driven analytical framework was adopted. Vehicle and environmental parameters were systematically collected to establish an impact energy calculation model based on the P90 curb mass, 150% of the maximum operating speed, and a 20° impact angle. This model was then used to define protection levels and formulate application guidelines. [Results] A comprehensive four-phase development pathway—encompassing data collection, model development, classification of protection levels, and rule formulation—was proposed. Additionally, a T-series protection rating system aligned with existing highway standards was established. [Conclusion] This research provides a systematic theoretical framework and methodology for developing specialized barrier standards. However, implementation faces multiple challenges related to technology, cost, and management coordination. Collaborative innovation is essential to advance standard adoption and enhance safety performance.

引用格式：刘同文，黎志雄，王超，等. 非公路用旅游观光车辆路侧护栏标准：现状、研制路径及挑战 [J]. 标准化学报，2026 (6):104-111.

基金项目：本文受广东省特种设备检测研究院科技计划项目“非公路用旅游观光车辆与路侧护栏碰撞安全性研究”（项目编号：2025JD-2-02）；肇庆市科技创新指导类项目“非公路用旅游观光车辆路侧护栏安全研究”（项目编号：241213114168745）；广东省市场监督管理局2026年度科技计划项目“非公路用旅游观光车辆与路侧护栏碰撞安全性研究”资助。

作者简介：刘同文，本科，高级工程师，研究方向为特种设备检验及管理。王超，通信作者，本科，工程师，研究方向为特种设备检验及科技管理。