激励数据市场资源流转的元数据标准监管

摘要：

【目的】为破解数据资源流转不畅、成本高昂与链条封闭等难题，需要通过元数据标准监管，构建统一、高效的数据要素监管环境以促进数据资源市场化配置。【方法】系统剖析现有法治监管环境在激励资源流转方面的内在缺陷与职能空缺，在法理层面阐释元数据标准作为法定公共服务与虚拟基础设施的法律属性，证成事前监管模式与反垄断法的协同关系，提出系统化的法治构建路径。【结果】企业元数据标准的碎片化与私权利是导致资源过度占有、形成“数据孤岛”和引发市场垄断的核心症结。统一国家元数据标准能够有效降低数据发现、理解和组合的成本，形成外部流转激励，提升市场资源配置效率。【结论】推动数据市场资源流转，应设立以激发流转条件、降低流转成本、克服资源链条封闭为核心的元数据标准监管原则。

Abstract:

[Objective] To address challenges such as ineffi cient data resource circulations, high costs, and closed value chains, it is necessary to establish a unifi ed and effi cient regulatory environment for the data factors through metadata standard regulations, thereby promoting the market-based allocation of data resources. [Methods] This study systematically analyzes the inherent defi ciencies and functional gaps in the current regulatory environment concerning the incentivization of resource circulations. From the jurisprudential perspective, it elucidates the legal attributes of metadata standards as statutory public services and virtual infrastructure, demonstrates the synergistic relationship between the ex-ante regulatory models and the anti-monopoly laws, and proposes a systematic pathway for the legal framework construction. [Results] The fragmentation of enterprise metadata standards and the assertion of private rights constitute the key obstacles that reinforce resource hoarding, create the “data silos”, and foster market monopolies. Establishing unified national metadata standards can effectively reduce costs of data discovery, comprehension, and integration, generate external incentives for circulation, and enhance the effi ciency of market resource allocation. [Conclusion] To promote data resource circulation in the market, regulatory principles for metadata standards should be established, with focus on stimulating circulation conditions, reducing circulation costs, and overcoming the closure of resource chains.

引用格式：刘阳. 激励数据市场资源流转的元数据标准监管[J]. 标准化学报，2026 (7)：89-100.

基金项目：本文受广东省哲学社会科学规划2024年度习近平法治思想研究专项“智慧城市建设中基础设施数据权益监管模式研究”（项目编号：GD24XFZ05）资助。 

作者简介：刘阳，副教授，特约研究员，研究方向为数字经济法学。