低空经济标准体系建设指南的政策内涵与实施路径研究

摘要：

【目的】拆解《低空经济标准体系建设指南（2025年版）》（以下简称《指南》）的核心架构与政策意图，预判落地过程中可能遇到的主要障碍，并给出走得通的实施路径。【方法】采用政策文本分析与理论推演相结合的方法。对《指南》附件313项标准进行分类统计，搭建了“五大领域—四维融合—两步走”的三维分析框架，并引入标准化治理理论对其制度逻辑进行深度拆解。【结果】《指南》对全产业链做了系统布局，五大领域构成从产品到应用再到监管的完整链条，四维融合（技术与管理、国内与国际、强制与推荐、基础与场景）反映出协同治理的思路，“2027年基本建立、2030年超300项”的两步走实施节奏，与产业的演进规律相吻合。但蓝图落地仍面临诸多困难，包括标准体系的结构性缺口、适航审定机制缺位、跨省运营壁垒以及技术迭代与标准滞后等。【结论】低空经济标准化的关键，在于制度设计能否转化为实际治理效果。提出5条具体路径，即按风险等级实施分级分类管理、建立标准的敏捷迭代机制、推进跨省标准互认与接口统一、夯实低空数据基础设施、同步培育专业人才和第三方服务机构。

Abstract:

[Objective] This paper aims to unpack the core architecture and policy logic of the Guidelines for the Construction of the Low-Altitude Economy Standard System (2025 Edition), identify the main obstacles likely to emerge during implementation, and propose several workable pathways forward. [Methods] The study combines policy text analysis with theoretical reasoning. Based on the statistical categorization of the 313 standards listed in the Guidelines’ appendix, a three-dimensional analytical framework—“five major domains, four-dimensional integration, and a two-step strategy”—is constructed. The standardization governance theory is then introduced to interpret the institutional logic behind the Guidelines. [Results] The Guidelines lay out a systematic blueprint for the entire industry chain. The five major domains form a complete chain from product development to application and then to regulation. The four dimensions of integration—technology with management, domestic with international, mandatory with voluntary, and foundation with scenario—reflect a clear effort to build institutional synergy. The two-step timeline—a basic system in place by 2027 and over 300 standards by 2030—hits the right notes and aligns well with the industry’s expected growth trajectory. That said, turning this blueprint into reality faces considerable hurdles: structural gaps in the standard system, missing airworthiness certification rules, cross-provincial operational barriers, and the persistent lag between technological change and standard development. [Conclusion] The central challenge for low-altitude economy standardization is whether institutional design can translate into effective governance outcomes. This paper proposes five concrete pathways: implementing risk-based classification and management, establishing agile mechanisms for standard development and iteration, promoting crossprovincial mutual recognition of standards and unified data interfaces, strengthening the low-altitude data infrastructure, and simultaneously cultivating specialized talent and third-party service institutions. The goal is to explore a governance model that holds the bottom line on safety while leaving room for growth and innovation.

引用格式：高燕. 低空经济标准体系建设指南的政策内涵与实施路径研究[J]. 标准化学报，2026（9）：81-91.

作者简介：高燕，硕士，馆员，研究方向为标准知识管理、标准经济效益评估及标准体系建设。